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Media Releases 2004

Click on the titles below to read FPWA's 2004 media releases.

For more information on the topics mentioned below, or any other sexual health issue, please contact the FPWA Library or our Sexual Health Helpline.

   

15th November - Have STI test with Pap smear, says FPWA

With levels of infections at an all-time high, FPWA (formerly Family Planning WA) is encouraging women to get tested for sexually transmissible infections (STIs) every time they have a Pap smear.

“An STI test can be taken at the same time as a Pap smear, so if a woman is going to see a doctor for a Pap smear anyway, she should also ask for an STI test, just to be on the safe side,” said Dr Angela Cooney, FPWA Medical Consultant.

“As STIs are becoming more and more common in the community, people need to take responsibility for their sexual health and get tested regularly, especially if they have changed partners or had unsafe sex.”

“Regular Pap smears are also important as they help detect early warning signs of cervical cancer, and it is recommended that women have one every two years after first having sex.”

Dr Cooney said that despite what many women believed, a Pap smear didn’t automatically test for STIs, and women needed to ask their doctor if they wanted to be tested.

“Women often delay having an STI test as they are embarrassed. My advice to them is that doctors do these kind of tests every day, so there is no need to feel this way,” she said.

“If you’ve had unprotected sex or notice any unusual symptoms however, don’t wait for your next Pap smear to find out if you’ve got something – get tested straight away.”

“If left untreated, STIs like chlamydia can have serious consequences, such as infertility.”

Dr Cooney said that the problem with STIs like chlamydia and gonorrhoea was that many people with the infection didn’t show any symptoms, so they accidentally passed it on to their partners through unprotected sex.

“Learning to negotiate safe sex is important when it comes to looking after your sexual health. Don’t have sex with a partner who refuses to wear a condom – having unprotected sex even once still puts you at risk of contracting an STI.”

2nd November - School leavers encouraged to celebrate safely

With levels of sexually transmissible infection (STIs) on the rise, FPWA is encouraging school leavers to take precautions when joining in final year celebrations.

“As end of school festivities are often viewed as an initiation into adulthood, alcohol and drugs are usually involved,” said Dr Angela Cooney, FPWA Medical Consultant.

“While many young people want to let down their hair at this time, alcohol in excess carries with it big risks for both males and females, and can often lead to unsafe sex, STIs, unplanned pregnancy and the increased risk of sexual assault,” she said.

Dr Cooney said it was important that school leavers remembered they could minimise their risk of harm by drinking alcohol in moderation.

“A lot of young people don’t necessarily plan on having sex, but once they get drunk it is easy to abandon precaution and have unprotected intercourse,” she said.

“Teenagers who do drink and take drugs should know their own limits so they can make the same safe decisions that they would if they were sober.”

“It’s a good idea for school leavers to consider their limits and intentions before the event and to discuss contraceptive choices and safe sex with a doctor in preparation – and as a precaution, take some condoms with them.”

“With record numbers of STIs being reported, in particular chlamydia and gonorrhoea, it is important that people take responsibility for their sexual health,” said Dr Cooney.

“Chlamydia is very common among men and women aged 15-25, with around 60% of cases occurring in this age group. While chlamydia is easily treatable, it can have serious consequences if left untreated, including infertility in both men and women.”

“As some STIs have no symptoms, it is possible to have one and not know it. People should always use condoms to protect themselves and their partner and get tested by a doctor or at FPWA if they’ve had unprotected sex in the past.”

Dr Cooney said it was also important that young people were aware that emergency contraception was available over the counter at pharmacies.

“Emergency contraception can be used to prevent pregnancy when intercourse has occurred without contraception or when contraception may have failed. It is most effective if taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse - there is some effectiveness for up to five days afterwards, but the longer a woman waits to take emergency contraception, the less effective it is at preventing pregnancy.”

FPWA offers sexual health services including contraceptive advice, testing and treatment for STIs, pregnancy testing and unplanned pregnancy information.

1st November - Better sexual health education needed in schools

Better sexual health education is needed in schools to help lower the level of sexually transmissible infections (STIs) among young people, said FPWA.

“The increasing number of chlamydia notifications among young people aged 15-25 is evidence that the level of knowledge about safe sex and STIs in this age group is poor,” said Dr Lewis Marshall, FPWA President.

“Currently there is no standardized sex education program provided in schools in this country, and while some schools cover sex and sexuality in detail, others gloss over the key areas or ignore them completely."

“Sexual health education needs to be available to young people before they start sexual activity, and issues such as healthy relationships and self-esteem should be integrated overall into school curriculums,” said Dr Marshall.

“Easily understandable, accurate and up-to-date information and a broader understanding of sexuality in terms of a young person’s life choices, as well as safe sex practices, are key components of effective sex education.”

“Accessibility of information is another important factor - if kids aren’t getting information at school and are too embarrassed or are unable to ask their parents, they often resort to other sources for answers to their sexual health queries,” he said.

“As not all of these sources contain accurate information, such as websites, this is not the best case scenario – improving accessibility of quality information through schools is.”

Dr Marshall said that while some parents and community groups feared that teaching young people about sex encouraged them to be sexually active, these fears were unfounded.

“Young people who have access to sexual health information often delay their first sexual experience, and are certainly better prepared to protect themselves against STIs and pregnancy,” he said.

FPWA continues to play a central role in assisting young people across WA in accessing appropriate information and services, by providing sexual health information sessions to school and youth groups, training health professionals and running a youth health centre.

"We have long recognised that the sexual health of young people needs to be placed within its social context, as well as within the medical context,” said Dr Marshall.

“This is why we need to focus on improved sexual health education in schools if we are to see a decrease in STI levels among young people.”

18th October - New group for young people in Fremantle

Quarry Health Centre for under 25s in Fremantle now has a group for young people who are same sex attracted or questioning their sexuality.

The group meets each Tuesday and is open to anyone aged 17 and under.

“Young people are encouraged to come along, meet some friends and have fun in a safe environment,” said Sue Parker, Group Coordinator.

“It is free to take part in the group and relevant information for young people is available.”

“Experienced staff are on hand to talk about a wide range of issues, and can also point young people in the direction of other relevant services,” she said.

“While the young people taking part in the group decide what they want to discuss, some topics may include relationships, safe sex, and drugs and alcohol.”

The group meets on Tuesday afternoons from 3:30pm – 5pm at 7 Quarry St Fremantle.

For more information phone Quarry on 9430 4544.

21st September - The nuts and bolts of sexual health ~ a new FPWA program

FPWA (formerly Family Planning WA) has developed a new program in response to the growing demand for education and training in sexual health in WA.

"More and more people are wanting training in the area of sexual health as demand for education of this kind grows within the community," said Noelene Smith, FPWA Education and Training Services Manager.

"Our new program, ‘The Nuts and Bolts of Sexual Health’ is a five-day course which provides participants with the fundamental knowledge and skills required to work in the sexual health field."

"Participants will gain vital knowledge and understanding in areas such as sexually transmissible infections, safe sex, male and female reproductive systems, puberty, sexuality, relationships, and contraception," said Ms Smith.

"They will also develop essential attitudes and skills to allow them to talk confidently about sexual health issues and provide sexual health information appropriately to individuals and small groups in the community."

"The program was trialed earlier this year, and feedback from pilot participants was extremely positive."

FPWA will be running 'Nuts and Bolts' in October and November this year. For more information please phone 9227 6177.

27th August - Men urged to check sexual health

Sexually transmissible infections (STIs) often go unnoticed in men as many of them don’t visit a health professional on a regular basis, says FPWA.

"Women often have STIs picked up when they have a Pap smear or pregnancy test, but as some men can go for years without having any contact with a doctor or nurse, STIs can remain undetected for long periods of time," said Dr Angela Cooney, FPWA Medical Consultant.

"This is something which can have serious consequences – for example, if left untreated chlamydia can cause infertility in both men and women."

"The problem with STIs like chlamydia and gonorrhoea is that many people with the infection don’t show any symptoms, so they accidentally pass it on to their partners through unprotected sex," she said.

Dr Cooney said men were often reluctant to seek medical help simply because they were embarrassed.

"Some men avoid having unsightly problems, such as lumps on the penis, properly checked as they are too embarrassed to do so."

"My advice to them is that doctors deal with these kind of problems every day, so there is no need to feel this way, and most STIs can be easily treated, so it’s not the end of the world if you get one."

According to Dr Cooney, many men only visited a sexual health clinic after their partners suggested it to them.

"We see many men come in who have just started a new relationship and want to get the ‘all-clear’ so they can have sex without a condom," she said.

"This can be difficult as unprotected sex relies on both partners being open and honest with one another, which can be difficult for some people."

"Even if you are planning a long-term relationship, it is still a good idea to use condoms, just to be on the safe side, and if you've had unprotected sex in the past, get tested for STIs."

Dr Cooney said men sometimes ran into problems simply because they forgot to carry condoms with them.

"If there is a chance you might have sex, have some condoms handy. Having unprotected sex even once puts you at risk of getting an STI."

FPWA runs a Men’s Clinic every second Thursday. The clinic is staffed by a male clinician and appointments can be made by phoning 9227 6177.

9th August - Abortion needs to be viewed in wider context

While the documentary ‘My Foetus’ accurately portrays what a modern abortion procedure entails, the act of abortion itself needs to be viewed in a wider context, said Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia (SH&FPA).

"Although the documentary looks at abortion from the viewpoint of both the mother and the foetus, it doesn’t consider any of the surrounding issues, such as the circumstances of women faced with the decision to terminate a pregnancy," said Dr Angela Cooney, SH&FPA spokesperson.

"As the majority of abortions in Australia take place before 10 weeks, the filming of the procedure at a very early stage of pregnancy accurately portrays the facts of abortion for many women."

"The decision to have an abortion is an individual and personal one. A woman choosing abortion because she is unable to take on the enormous responsibility and consequences of having a child is making a very moral choice."

"Rather than focusing the debate on abortion itself, we would be better served to look at ways of reducing the need for abortion in the first place, such as further research into reproductive health and improved education programs," said Dr Cooney.

"Around one in three women will have an abortion in their lifetime – this number can be partly attributed to the fact that no contraceptive is 100% effective, and fertility is not something that women can have total control over."

"Increased accessibility of contraceptives and effective sexual health education is what we need if we are to see a decrease in the number of abortions in Australia," she said.

"As a sexual and reproductive health organisation, SH&FPA supports all women having access to as much information as possible around abortion to enable them to make an informed decision."

3rd August - Contraceptive implant a popular choice among WA women

The contraceptive implant, Implanon, has become a popular choice of contraception among WA women.

"Since its release three years ago, many women looking for long-term contraception have found Implanon to be extremely suitable, with the implant effective against pregnancy for three years," said Dr Angela Cooney, FPWA Medical Consultant.

The implant itself is a small plastic rod the size of a matchstick, which is inserted just under the skin on the inside of the upper arm. It works by releasing the hormone etonorgestrel, a progestogen, into the bloodstream over three years, after which time it is removed. It can also be removed at any time before this if the woman wishes to become pregnant, or decides she doesn’t like it.

"We are currently seeing many women who have reached the end of this three-year period and are so happy with the implant that they are having another inserted," said Dr Cooney.

"Implanon is very appealing to many women as it is cost-effective, can be removed at any time and is very effective at preventing pregnancy."

"It is also particularly useful for women who cannot take oestrogen, which is contained in most oral contraceptives."

Dr Cooney said that Implanon was a good option for women who had trouble remembering to take the Pill each day.

"Forgetting to take the Pill is one of the major causes of its failure, representing around 30-50% of cases. However, when inserted correctly, Implanon is over 99% effective at preventing pregnancy," she said.

‘Unlike the Pill, Implanon is not affected by stomach upsets or certain medications. It can also make periods lighter, or make them stop altogether."

"As with the Pill however, Implanon doesn’t protect against sexually transmissible infections, so women using it still need to remember to practise safe sex."

7th July - WA women have difficulty obtaining late abortions

WA women wanting an abortion after 18 weeks of pregnancy are having difficulty finding a doctor willing to perform the procedure, despite it being legal, says FPWA.

"Abortion has been legal in WA since 1998. Up to the 20th week of pregnancy, women are able to obtain an abortion after discussion with a doctor, who is obliged to provide them with counselling about the medical risk of terminating the pregnancy, and of carrying the pregnancy to term," said Dr Angela Cooney, FPWA Medical Consultant.

"Many women faced with a late diagnosis of an unplanned pregnancy take some time to make a decision, only to find once they have decided to have an abortion, they can’t locate a practitioner willing to perform the procedure."

"While no medical or nursing staff can be compelled to perform or assist in performing an abortion, further delays due to shortage of staff can make an already distressing situation for a woman even harder to deal with."

Dr Cooney said that part of the problem was that sometimes women did not appreciate how far into their pregnancy they were.

"A woman’s GP may advise her to go away and think about what she wants to do, unaware that time is ticking away, and she may then be too late. If you think you might be pregnant, it is vital to find out just how long you have to make a decision."

"After twenty weeks of pregnancy, two medical practitioners from a panel of six appointed by the Minister must agree that the mother or unborn child has a severe medical condition that justifies an abortion," she said.

"If the panel doesn’t grant an abortion, which is often the case, women are usually forced to go interstate – at a great cost - to find a doctor to perform the abortion, if this is still a suitable option for them."

"This situation could often be avoided if medical practitioners were willing to perform the procedure up to the 20-week mark."

In WA, abortions after twenty weeks of pregnancy can only be performed at King Edward Memorial Hospital.

"My advice to women considering an abortion is not to wait too long to make a decision. By all means women should take time to weigh up the pros and cons of their individual situation, but they shouldn’t leave the decision until the last minute," said Dr Cooney.

Subsidised counselling around pre and post termination issues is available at FPWA.

23rd June - Chlamydia levels on the rise in WA

Chlamydia levels in WA are on the rise, with many people unaware they are infected, says FPWA.

"The problem with chlamydia is that many people with the infection don’t show any symptoms, so they accidentally pass it on to their partners through unprotected sex," said Dr Angela Cooney, FPWA Medical Consultant.

So far this year, health authorities in WA have been notified of 1657 cases of chlamydia, around 140 more cases than this time last year.* Last year 3624 notifications were recorded in WA, up from 2960 the year before.

"The number of people with chlamydia is probably even higher, as many cases are undiagnosed. We often find out clients have chlamydia when they come in for something else, such as a pregnancy test," said Dr Cooney.

"Chlamydia is one of the most common sexually transmissible infections (STIs) among men and women aged 15-25. While it is also more common among women than men, if left untreated chlamydia can cause serious health problems for both sexes, including infertility."

"Often young women having unprotected sex worry most about an unwanted pregnancy, when in actual fact they may unknowingly be risking their chances of ever becoming pregnant."

Dr Cooney said that people with chlamydia also had a higher chance of contracting other STIs, like gonorrhoea.

"Practicing safe sex reduces the risk of contracting chlamydia or another STI - until you’re both tested, you don’t really know what your partner does or doesn’t have," she said.

"Chlamydia can be detected by a simple test involving a urine sample and/or a swab from the cervix. It is easily treatable and can usually be cleared up with a dose of antibiotics. Both partners should be tested and treated to avoid infecting one another again."

"The high number of chlamydia notifications are cause for concern, and the increased figures reflect a lack of awareness of STIs in the high risk population that we see – young, sexually active people who change partners more often than older people."

"If left untreated chlamydia can have serious consequences, and as such, needs to be taken seriously and not simply treated as ‘a bit of an itch’. If you’ve had unprotected sex in the past get tested by a doctor or at FPWA."

* Communicable Diseases Network Australia - National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System http://www1.health.gov.au/cda/Source/CDA-index.cfm (accessed 22/6/04)

9th June - Family Planning Organisations support emergency contraception accessibility for all women

Recent media attention around emergency contraception (EC) accessibility has wrongly given the impression that it is sold to young girls over the counter without consultation, says Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia (SH&FPA).

“Pharmacists are required to follow a strict protocol to ensure EC is appropriate prior to supplying it, and steps are in place to make sure clients receive appropriate care,” said Judi St Clair, SH&FPA spokesperson.

The protocols around dispensing EC were developed in close consultation with Family Planning doctors. Thousands of pharmacists around Australia participated in special training before EC became available over the counter at the start of the year.

“The decision to allow EC to be sold over the counter means that more women have access to it. It is not always easy to get an urgent appointment with a GP, and even if a woman is able to secure an appointment, not all doctors are willing to prescribe EC,” said Ms St Clair.

“EC is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse, and seeking an appointment often means wasting precious time. Many young women are also concerned that they may be refused EC by a medical practitioner and do not always seek further help.”

“Tony Abbott's proposal to restrict EC access to young women will mean that a vulnerable section of the population will have limited options for assistance,” she said.

“Comprehensive sexuality and relationship education and increased access to services are essential to tackle issues around sexual activity at an early age.”

“Restricting access to EC would only contribute to an increase in teenage pregnancy and abortion.”

1st June - Wider awareness needed about emergency contraception availability

Many women don’t realise they can get emergency contraception (EC) over the counter at pharmacies, despite it being available without a prescription for nearly six months, says FPWA.

“Emergency contraception has been available over the counter since the start of the year, and while more women are accessing it this way as time goes on, wider awareness of its availability is still required,” said Dr Angela Cooney, FPWA Medical Consultant.

“The decision to allow EC to be sold over the counter means that more women have access to it, but as many women don’t realise it is available at pharmacies they are still making an appointment with their doctor to get a prescription.”

“EC is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected sex – there is some effectiveness for up to five days after intercourse, but the longer a woman waits before taking it, the less effective it becomes at preventing pregnancy,” she said.

“Seeking a prescription from a doctor means wasting precious time, as it often takes a day or two to get an appointment – this could be avoided if women knew they could simply go straight to their local pharmacy. It is also usually a much cheaper option as many doctors no longer bulk-bill.”

"Some pharmacists don’t carry EC, but women shouldn’t give up if they find it difficult to locate a pharmacist who stocks it – they should try somewhere else or contact FPWA.”

Dr Cooney said that making EC more readily available was important in reducing the incidence of abortion and unplanned pregnancies.

“EC provides women with a chance to prevent a possible unwanted pregnancy in a way that is convenient and non-intrusive.”

“As it can now be dispensed very quickly, the chances of it being effective are therefore increased, ” she said.

“The fact that EC can be bought over the counter is something which every woman should be aware of.”

31st May - Phone counselling an option for country people

FPWA’s Roe St Centre for human relationships offers counselling over the phone for people living in rural or remote areas.

“Talking to a local counsellor can be particularly uncomfortable for people in small country towns as there is the chance they may see that counsellor in the supermarket the next day or at a social function,” said Jane Irvine, Counselling Consultant.

“It is often the case that only one person is available in a particular area or district, and such familiarity poses numerous problems, especially with issues that are sensitive and highly personal in nature.”

“Based in Perth, our service offers counselling and therapy in all areas of relationships, and specialises in sexual health issues for individuals and couples,” said Ms Irvine.

“Our counsellors are experienced in assisting single people, married couples, people in defacto relationships, gay and lesbian couples, parents and children.”

“While sessions are available on unplanned pregnancy, infertility and termination of pregnancy, sessions on all types of relationship issues are very popular, in particular those pertaining to sexuality,” she said.

“Other issues covered include sexual problems, sexual abuse and miscarriage.”

“Our fees are income-based, which allows the service to be accessed by a wide range of people, and sessions on unplanned pregnancy and post termination counselling are subsidised by the Health Department of WA.”

Ms Irvine said that there was a lack of specialist services in country areas with the ability to guarantee a private and confidential service.

“Services can be restricted in country areas because of the size and nature of rural communities.”

“However, people can be assured that the Roe St Centre is entirely confidential and that their privacy will be respected at all times.”

The Roe St Centre can be contacted on 9228 3693. Appointments are available Monday to Saturday.

20th April - New sexual health clinic for men

A sexual health clinic for men will commence at FPWA (formerly Family Planning WA) in Northbridge this week.

‘Men’s Clinic’ will cover all aspects of sexual health and will be staffed by a male clinician.

Running every second Thursday, the Clinic will provide testing and treatment for sexually transmissible infections (STIs), as well as safe sex education and contraceptive advice.

“While men are still able to make an appointment Monday to Saturday with a female clinician, the ‘Men’s Clinic’ is for those who feel more comfortable with a male clinician,” said Steve Blackwell, Clinical Services Manager.

“The thought of going to a hospital for STI testing can be quite daunting for some men and we find that they will go to a clinic more readily.”

“The introduction of ‘Men’s Clinic’ will hopefully mean that more men come along and get tested and treated if necessary – this is especially important as STI levels in the community are on the rise,” said Mr Blackwell.

“All clients can be assured that their sexual health concerns will be addressed confidentially and in a caring and sensitive manner.”

‘Men’s Clinic’ starts on April 22. Ring FPWA on 9227 6177 to make an appointment.

19th April - Look after your sexual health, says FPWA

Many people focus on diet and exercise when it comes to looking after themselves, and overlook an important part of their overall well being – their sexual health.

“A lot of people take their sexual health for granted, focusing on things like their sexual performance instead,” said Dr Angela Cooney, FPWA Medical Consultant.

“As a person’s sexual health is a major contributor to their overall personal satisfaction and well being, it is something that should be cared for and respected.”

“Looking after your sexual health means using safe and effective contraception, protecting yourself against sexually transmissible infections (STIs), and keeping up to date with sexual health screening such as Pap smears and sexual health checks,” said Dr Cooney.

“Even if you are planning a long-term relationship, you should always use condoms – you might not know your partner’s sexual history and unless you’ve both been tested, you can’t tell if either of you has an STI.”

“It is also important to talk about your sexual health with your partner, particularly if you notice any unusual symptoms.”

“STIs such as chlamydia and herpes are becoming more and more common in the community – some STIs are easily treatable and can be cleared up with antibiotics, but if left untreated they can cause serious health problems,” she said.

“Learning to negotiate safe sex is also important when it comes to looking after your sexual health. Don’t have sex with a partner who refuses to wear a condom – having unprotected sex even once still puts you at risk of contracting an STI.”

“If you’ve had unprotected sex in the past get tested by a doctor or at FPWA.”

Dr Cooney said that when it came to a person’s sexual health it was also important that they enjoyed their sexual experiences.

“Many people ‘put up with’ things like painful sex or heavy periods when help is available,” she said.

“If you are experiencing recurring painful sex you may have an STI. Don’t ignore the pain and hope it will go away – see a doctor and get it checked out immediately.”

“Sex is all about enjoying yourself, and safe sex doesn’t mean it has to be less pleasurable – you just need to be creative when it comes to introducing condoms, dams and lubricant into the bedroom,” said Dr Cooney.

“Safe sex is about taking responsibility for your own health – respect yourself and your sexual partner and always use protection.”

5th April - Free phone counselling available for country women

Women living in rural and remote areas of WA can access free counselling over the telephone, thanks to FPWA’s Roe St Centre for human relationships.

The Centre, which specialises in sexual health and relationship issues, is offering phone counselling to women dealing with issues around unplanned pregnancy and abortion.

“Unplanned pregnancy raises many concerns and questions for women of all ages and situations. As it is something which often affects not only women themselves, we also offer confidential counselling for partners and other family members,” said Jane Irvine, Counselling Consultant.

“There is a lack of specialist services in rural and remote areas which are able to guarantee a private and confidential service - people can be assured that the Roe St Centre is entirely confidential and that their privacy will be respected at all times.”

Ms Irvine said that the program, which is funded by the Health Department of WA, was useful for women who were unsure about their pregnancy and wanted to talk about the pros and cons.

"We are a non-judgemental service which aims to help people make the best decision for themselves within the context of their circumstances," she said.

"The advantage of this service is that it is anonymous, private and gives people access to further counselling if needed.”

Experienced male and female counsellors are available and people can access up to four free sessions, which can be used to discuss pre and post termination issues.

The Roe St Centre for human relationships can be contacted on 9228 3693.

17th March - Abortion in Australia: Family Planning calls for action

Family Planning Organisations today agreed with the Commonwealth Minister for Health and Ageing, the Hon Tony Abbott, MP, that greater resources and attention should be focused on lowering the abortion rate in Australia.

"What is required if we are to see a decrease in the number of abortions is improved sexual health education and increased availability of contraceptives," said Dr Lewis Marshall, National President of the peak body of Family Planning Organisations, Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia.

"Sex education needs to be available to young people before they start sexual activity. Current information about safe sex practices, as well as a broader understanding of sexuality in terms of a young person’s life choices, are key components of effective sex education," he said.

"Australian women and men also need to have accessible, understandable and accurate information about their contraceptive choices."

Dr Marshall said that access to clinical and health promotion services also needed to be improved, with more resources allocated to groups providing such services.

Family Planning Organisations continue to play a central role in assisting women and men across Australia in accessing appropriate information and services, including working on school curricula, training health professionals, and using latest technology to increase accessibility.

"We have long recognised that the reproductive and sexual health of Australians needs to be placed within its social context, as well as within the medical context," said Dr Marshall.

A major victory for reducing unplanned pregnancies was achieved with the recent decision to allow Emergency Contraception (EC) to be sold over-the-counter at pharmacies without a prescription. This decision meant that more women, especially those in rural and regional areas, now have access to EC and the incidence of unplanned pregnancies will be reduced.

4th March - Contraception choices for women set to rise

Women will soon have more choices in contraception than ever before, with a vaginal ring set to be released in Australia within the next few months (please note - Nuvaring is now expected to be available in Australia in the first half of 2006).

Nuvaring is a soft plastic ring containing the same hormones as the combined contraceptive pill and is worn for three out of four weeks to give reliable contraception. It is inserted inside the vagina like a diaphragm.

"Using Nuvaring is similar to being on the Pill - for three weeks you are getting the hormones and for one week your body is resting. You have a small period as you would get on the sugar pills in the pack, then the ring goes back in," said Dr Angela Cooney, FPWA Medical Consultant.

"The upside is that instead of having to remember to take a pill every day, you only need to remember to insert the ring twice a month."

"The level of hormones in the ring is equivalent to the lowest-dose pills available, and because the hormones don’t have to go through the stomach, side effects such as nausea are much less common," said Dr Cooney.

"Sexual activity should not be affected by the use of the ring - it lies against the vaginal wall and its position is not important to its effect."

"Results from a recent trial indicate that the ring is set to be very popular among women, with participants reporting it easy to use."

A contraceptive patch is also likely to be available in Australia within the next year.

"Like the ring, the patch will have fewer side effects than the Pill as a lower dose of hormones can be used," said Dr Cooney.

"It is applied to the skin in the same manner as a nicotine or HRT patch, and is changed once a week."

Dr Cooney said the new contraceptive methods would be good options for women who had trouble remembering to take the Pill each day.

"As forgetting to take the Pill is one of the major causes of its failure, representing around 30-50% of cases, these low dose, long-lasting methods are set to be even more effective at preventing pregnancy," she said.

Weekly dose pills, a contraceptive gel and male hormonal contraceptives are possible developments for the future.

18th February - Monthly period no longer necessary, says FPWA

The impending arrival of a new contraceptive pill which allows women to reduce their periods from 13 to four a year has prompted FPWA to remind women that it is possible to have fewer periods using their existing pill.

“Many women consider periods to be an unavoidable part of life and were therefore discouraged to hear that the three-month pill, Seasonale, isn’t yet available in Australia,” said Dr Angela Cooney, FPWA Medical Consultant.

“However, it is still possible to achieve the same effect of fewer periods with many of the pills currently on the market.”

“Women can be assured that it is safe to take the hormone pills in their pill packet continuously and miss the non-active sugar pills altogether if they want to skip a period,” said Dr Cooney.

“It is recommended though that women have a period every three to four months.”

Dr Cooney said that while some women liked having a monthly bleed to reassure them that they were not pregnant, many women preferred not to have one at all.

“It is quite safe to manipulate pill cycles - after all, the periods women have on the Pill are completely artificial,” she said.

“Women who have very painful periods often decide to have fewer periods, and some women with conditions such as endometriosis take the active pills without any breaks at all, sometimes for years.”

“The only thing that women need to be cautious of is if they are taking a triphasic pill, where there are three different strengths of hormone pills in the one packet. It is more difficult to miss periods on these pills, and it is best that women talk to a doctor about how to do this.”

“Monophasic pills, which are the same strength on each day, are much easier to skip periods with – women just keep on taking them until they decide they want a break, at which time they stop.”

“Some women will find that they develop light spotting after a few weeks of taking the Pill continuously. This doesn’t mean that the Pill has stopped working for them, and if they continue to take it, bleeding usually stops. Some women choose, however, to have the period break at this time, even if it is only seven weeks since the last one. Women can decide for themselves when to have a break, and not be tied to what the pill packet says.”

Dr Cooney said that is was important for anyone taking the Pill to have no more than a seven-day break from active pills.

Seasonale is a combination of low-dose hormones. Like other combined pills, it prevents pregnancy by stopping the release of an egg cell from the ovary.

14th February - Say it with flowers...and a condom

National Condom Day on February 14 aims to increase awareness of the need to practise safe sex at a time when the focus is on romance and passion – Valentines Day.

"As Valentines Day celebrations can often lead to sex, what better time to remind people to always use a condom?" said Dr Angela Cooney, FPWA Medical Consultant.

"Sexually transmissible infections (STIs) aren’t usually thought of in a romantic sense, but on a day when love is foremost in everyone’s mind, we want everyone to think about the consequences of having unprotected sex. While a condom might not be a very romantic gift, using one can help prevent you from getting or passing on an STI, and shows your partner that you really care about their health."

"So when organising chocolate and champagne for your Valentines Day celebrations, respect yourself and your sexual partner and don’t forget the condoms," she said.

FPWA (formerly Family Planning WA) is also encouraging people to talk to their partners about their sexual health and safe sex on National Condom Day.

"The aim of National Condom Day is not only to raise awareness about practising safe sex, but to make people feel that condoms are a normal thing to talk about and to help them become comfortable bringing up the subject with their partner," said Dr Cooney.

"People are getting used to buying and carrying condoms, but sometimes the hardest part can be talking about them when it comes time to use one - the more people feel at ease discussing condoms, the more likely they are to use them."

"It’s a good idea to talk about condoms early on in any relationship. Lots of people plan on having safe sex, but find it hard to bring up the topic of condoms in the heat of the moment," she said.

"Even if you don’t plan on having sex, it’s always a good idea to be prepared. If you think there is a chance you will be getting intimate on Valentines Day, have some condoms handy."

According to Dr Cooney, once trust has been built in a relationship people tend to get complacent about their sexual health.

"Once you have decided to practise safe sex, stick to it. Don’t get carried away and forget to use protection – you may regret it later if you get or pass on an STI," she said.

"National Condom Day is a good reminder for everyone to take responsibility for their sexual health. This means practicing safe sex and getting tested if you’ve had unprotected sex in the past – you or your partner may have an STI and not even know it, as many people have no symptoms."

"STIs like chlamydia and gonorrhoea are becoming more and more common in the community. Some STIs are easily treatable and can be cleared up with a dose of antibiotics. If left untreated though, they can cause serious health problems for both men and women."

The National Condom Project, funded by Ansell, is being launched on February 14. The project was developed to inform young people about chlamydia and other STIs. A series of post cards, posters and stickers promoting the use of condoms will be distributed through Family Planning Organisations in each state.

1st January - Emergency contraception now available over the counter

As of January 1 emergency contraception (EC) is now available over the counter at pharmacies throughout Australia.

The Therapeutic Goods Administration’s National Drugs and Poisons Scheduling Committee made the decision to allow the sale of EC without a prescription in November last year.

"The decision to allow EC to be sold over the counter means that more women will have access to it and the incidence of unplanned pregnancies will be reduced," said Dr Angela Cooney, Sexual Health and Family Planning Australia (SH&FPA) spokesperson.

"EC is most effective when taken as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse, and its effectiveness decreases as time passes."

"If taken within 24 hours of unprotected sex EC prevents 95% of expected pregnancies. Its effectiveness drops to around 85% when taken between 24-48 hours after sex, and when taken 48-72 hours afterwards, the effectiveness falls to 58%."

"There is some effectiveness for up to 5 days after unprotected sex, though this is again reduced," said Dr Cooney.

"The move to allow over the counter sales means that EC can be dispensed very quickly and therefore increase the chances of it being effective. It also means that if there is an emergency situation and a doctor is not available, women have an alternative means of supply."

Women wanting EC over the counter will be required to provide the pharmacist with details about their menstrual cycle and method of contraception so the risk of them being already pregnant can be assessed. While they won’t have to leave their name, the pharmacist may seek confirmation that the woman understands the information that she has been given.

"All information given by a woman to a pharmacist will be kept completely confidential. Young women especially need to know that their privacy will be protected and pharmacists cannot, for instance, give private information to family members," said Dr Cooney.

Dr Cooney said that the use of EC as a ‘routine’ method of contraception was not recommended.

"Emergency contraception doesn’t provide any protection against sexually transmissible infections, nor is it as effective at preventing pregnancy as other methods of contraception. It is therefore not an appropriate method for women to use on a regular basis," she said.

"Women who don’t have a regular method of contraception should see a doctor to discuss their on-going contraceptive needs."

Dr Cooney said that the decision to allow EC to be made available over the counter was a big step forward in reducing the number of unplanned pregnancies in Australia.

"As Australia has the second highest rate of abortion in the developed world, the benefit of having EC available without a prescription can’t be over estimated."

Emergency contraception is expected to retail for between $20 and $30.

Page last updated Fri, 20 Oct 2006 09:27